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Evaluating the Mediator Role of Organizational Identification in the Relationship between Symmetrical Internal Communication and Individual Performance of Hotel Employees
Publication . Ortega, Eduardo; Gomes, Gabriela Pedro; Ribeiro, Neuza; Gomes, Daniel Roque
The tourism industry has been distinguishing itself by promoting economic benefits and contributing to the creation of employment and opportunities in the country. This paper aims to investigate and analyze the impact of symmetric internal communication on individual performance and organizational identification, as well as to evaluate the mediating role of organizational identification in this relationship. Through the cooperation of several institutions in the tourism business sector, online surveys were applied resulting in a convenience sample of a total of 237 hotel employees in Portugal. The results of this study demonstrate that symmetrical internal communication has a positive impact on organizational identification and individual performance, and that organizational identification exerts a partial mediating effect on the relationship between symmetrical internal communication and individual performance. This study therefore extends the knowledge of the effects of important variables usually treated separately by the literature, and thus we build bridges between the communication literature and human resource management, providing information to support the structuring of new strategies.
Editorial: Leadership, diversity and inclusion in organization
Publication . Gomes, Daniel Roque; Ribeiro, Neuza; Ludwikowska, Kamila
Editorial on the Research Topic
Leadership, diversity and inclusion in organization The issues surrounding the human side of managing organizations are quite varied if considering the plethora of determinants, contexts or processes that have been under consideration by researchers (e.g., Duarte et al., 2019; Koutsimani et al., 2019; Ribeiro et al., 2020; Herrera and Heras-Rosas, 2021). Leadership in organizations was, is and will continue to be a key issue for determining the functioning of organizations, regardless of their genesis or purposes of action (e.g., Semedo et al., 2018; Li et al., 2022).
Flying Between State and Market: How Much of TAP should be Privatised?
Publication . Mendes, Helena Sofia de Sousa Callebaut; Ciccarino, Irene Dobarrio Machado
This dissertation investigates the relationship between state ownership and airline performance, with a particular focus on the implications for the privatisation of TAP Air Portugal. While existing literature generally associates privatisation with improved firm performance, limited attention has been given to how different levels of state ownership affect performance outcomes.
Grounded in property rights, public choice, and agency theories, the study adopts a panel-data econometric approach using a sample of airlines with diverse ownership structures, including Ryanair, British Airways, Lufthansa, Iberia, Aer Lingus, Air France, Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS), LOT Polish Airlines, and Alitalia/ITA Airways. The dataset covers the period 2004–2024 and is constructed from airline annual reports, incorporating both financial and operational performance indicators.
The empirical results suggest a generally negative association between state ownership and financial performance, although this relationship is not consistently robust across specifications. Importantly, the findings indicate that the ownership–performance relationship is non-linear. While financial performance exhibits a U-shaped pattern, cost efficiency, measured through cost per available seat kilometre (CASK), follows an inverted U-shaped relationship.
These results highlight that the effects of state ownership differ across performance dimensions. While financial indicators show limited and inconsistent responses, cost efficiency displays a more systematic non-linear relationship with ownership structure.
Overall, the findings do not support the existence of a clearly defined optimal ownership threshold. Instead, they indicate that the impact of ownership depends on both its level and the broader governance and institutional context. For TAP Air Portugal, the results suggest that increasing private ownership may improve long-term financial sustainability, although outcomes depend critically on governance structures, managerial autonomy, and exposure to market discipline.
Gabor frames in quaternionic analysis: a transition from Euclidean to hyperbolic structures
Publication . Ferreira, M.; Hartmann, S.; Morais, J.
In this paper, we introduce a novel integral transform termed the two-sided Qua\-ternion Hyperbolic Windowed Fourier Transform (ts-QHWFT), designed for the analysis of two-dimen\-sional quaternion-valued signals defined in an open rectangle of the plane equipped with a hyperbolic measure. We investigate the basic properties of the ts-QHWFT, including modulation, hyperbolic translation, hyperbolic dilation, Moyal's identity, and an inversion formula, which are essential for our analysis. The proposed ts-QHWFT enables the construction of quaternionic hyperbolic Gabor frames employing innovative time-frequency analysis tools such as the relativistic version of the Wiener space of quaternion-valued signals, the hyperbolic Poisson summation formula, and the correlation function. We then establish hyperbolic analogs of Walnut's and Janssen's representations of the quaternionic Gabor frame, as well as quaternionic versions of the Wexler-Raz biorthogonality and Ron-Shen duality. We also provide a detailed characterization of quaternionic hyperbolic tight Gabor frames. This algebraic approach provides a hyperbolic counterpart of the corresponding results in the quaternionic Euclidean scenario. Finally, as an application, we demonstrate the utility of the proposed ts-QHWFT for the analysis of two-dimensional linear space-varying hyperbolic systems, illustrating the results of this work.
Robots in Tourism and Hospitality: The Perception of Future Professionals
Publication . Palrão, Teresa; Rodrigues, Rosa I.; Madeira, Arlindo; Marinho da Silva Mendes, Alexandra Sofia; Lopes, Sofia
This research is aimed at analyzing the perception of future tourism professionals about the presence of robots in the hospitality industry. It was based on data obtained from undergraduate and master students in tourism and hospitality, through a questionnaire that sought to assess their perceptions regarding hospitality, novelty, culture, robot performance management in the tourism industry, and their willingness to work in a partially robotized environment in the future. The analysis of the perceptions of future tourism and hospitality professionals was performed based on a structural equation model and revealed that perceptions of novelty and performance management have a significantly positive impact on the willingness of participants to work in a partially robot environment in the future. When the intention to use robots in the future is included in the model, this positive effect decreases. The current existing research on the application of artificial intelligence in hospitality and tourism has, mainly, focused on the customer or the hotelier, making it important to understand how generations of future employees in hospitality and tourism view the use of this type of technology, anticipating any future less favorable situations.