Unidade de Investigação - CiTUR - Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation
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- ‘Front’ And ‘Back Regions’ in Historic Housing Tourism: Spatial Segregation and Proximity in Host-Guest InteractionPublication . Braga, José Luís; Sousa, Bruno; Dionísio, MartaGoffman conceived a division of social establishments which he called region. A region for him was any place in some way limited by obstacles to perception. He distinguished two regions: ‘front’ and ‘back’. In turn, MacCannell applied Goffman’s classification to tourism. According to him, tourists show a special fascination with the ‘real lives’ of others. These ‘real lives’ can only be found in the back regions. MacCannell argued that, in the face of an influx of mass tourists, host communities seek to protect and isolate their culture by creating back regions. In these, the natives continue their significant traditions outside the eyes of tourists. Conversely, it is in the front regions that the natives perform a limited range of activities for tourist audiences. The tourism front region (or front stage) is, therefore, the place where hosts and guests meet and the tourism back region (or backstage) is the place where the hosts retreat, during the performance interval, to relax and prepare. This study aims to demonstrate the applicability of this concept to the interactions between hosts and guests that occur in Historic Housing Tourism (HHT). The results presented here emerged from a qualitative study in which 53 homeowners of HHT units were interviewed. The technique used for data collection and analysis was Grounded Theory (GT). In this study we found that, in the first phase of implantation of the HHT, which we called improvisation (1980s in most houses), the propensity for informalization was more evident. At this stage, there was a tendency to transform almost every region of the house in backstage. In the current phase of implementation of HHT, which we called the professionalization, formalization begins to acquire more and more importance. Hence, there is a tendency to erect more pronounced front regions and there is less fluidity between regions than in the improvisation phase. From the theory that we developed, using GT, two properties of HHT emerged which we named ‘segregating’ and ‘approaching’ that brought an empirical confirmation to Goffman’s theory. Spatial segregation is, thus, a means of preserving the intimacy of the HHT unit’s host family. In an interdisciplinary perspective, this study presents preliminary contributions in the management of historic housing tourism and tourism management (e.g. companies and destinations perspective).
- Livro de Resumos: Projeto FAST Agenda ATT-PRR: 2023 - 2026Publication . Almeida, Giovana Goretti Feijó; Pereira, José; Almeida, PauloEste e-book contém as publicações científicas dos investigadores e bolseiros do Projeto FAST Agenda ATT-PRR (Ferramentas de Apoio à Sustentabilidade no Turismo), do CiTUR, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal, referente aos anos de 2023-2026. A agenda ATT (Acelerar e Transformar o Turismo) é uma agenda mobilizadora financiada pelo PRR (Plano de Recuperação e Resiliência) em Portugal.
- Motivations and Expectations of Olympic Volunteers: Building a Legacy of Personal Development as a Key Factor for the Success of Sports Mega-EventsPublication . Teixeira, Mário Coelho; Banza, Telma Frade; Almeida, Nuno Castanheira; Sesinando, André DionísioThe scientific breakthrough in understanding the role of sports volunteers, as well as the importance of motivation and expectations management in decision-making, has boosted several studies, helping to reinforce the conceptual idea of a sports legacy, especially in relation to the participation and involvement of Olympic volunteers. In this sense, and reinforcing this idea, this study aimed to analyse and measure the perception of sports volunteers regarding the motivations and expectations arising from their participation in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. The study followed a quantitative-descriptive and inferential methodology, with a validated sample of 828 responses collected through a semi-structured questionnaire adapted from the original VMS-ISE motivation scale. The results point to a reinforcement of the perceived importance and value associated with participation in the Olympic Games that translate into high levels of motivation and satisfaction by most of the volunteers involved. The most valued factors were the feeling of pleasure promoted by the experience, the possibility of personal and professional development, the passion for the Olympic Games, and the passion for sport. The majority of the candidates validated the post-event expectations as having exceeded their initial ones, and 92.0% of the volunteers would participate in a similar event again. The study allows the reinforcement of sports volunteers intentions and expectations, while validating and confirming previous studies on the importance of motivation and personal development in a successful recruitment strategy that fosters regular and consolidated participation of previous volunteers.
- Perception of Safety Tourism in ColombiaPublication . Antošová, Gabriela; Lima Santos, Luís; Stradová, SaraColombia is notorious for drug cartels and internal armed conflicts that have persisted in the country for more than 50 years. With the peace agreement signed in 2016 Colombia gradually became a country with strong tourism potential in Latin America. Supported by movie tourism and dark tourism, the influx of tourists to Colombia registered considerable increases. Colombia became a popular destination for recreation and beach stays, for adventure and experience tourism; and ecotourism has a dominant role related to the cultivation of coffee. However, Colombia presents natural risks and security risks that support the low level of peace and the low quality of life indicator as a tourism destination. The existence of a greater number of flights and low-cost booking systems, allows to increase interest in new non-traditional places, avoiding mass tourism, which can be an advantage for many travel agencies in the Czech and Portuguese markets that seek authentic and relatively unknown places. Despite the threat of the pandemic COVID-19, tourist packages to Colombia were analysed. Considering the main objective of the study, to assess the perception of security in Colombia, a questionnaire was carried out to identify the risks associated with this destination. To allow a comparison of the perception of safety with the Global Safety index, the responses of 206 potential tourists, 103 from Portugal and 103 from the Czech Republic, were selected. The results show that the destination Colombia is perceived as more dangerous by potential tourists than by actual tourists who have visited it and perceive it as much safer and more attractive.
- Sustainable tourism and the circular economy: A theoretical overviewPublication . Costa, Berta; Rodrigues, Susana; Moreno, PilarThe concept of sustainable tourism has become one of the most noteworthy topics among academics and practitioners and a hallmark in tourism discourse. During the last decades, tourism has developed into one of the largest socio-economic activities, and thus driving economic growth that most supports to the countries’ GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The world economic paradigm, and consequently the tourism industry, is configured according to the linear model of production and consumption, in which goods are discarded after usage, resulting in massive waste. Furthermore, the degrading impact of tourism, along with the assumption that natural resources are abounding, and that environment has unlimited means to absorb waste, need to be addressed without delay. Considering these premises, the principle of sustainable tourism arose with the objective of minimizing the negative effects of tourism related activities. From this standpoint, circular economy emerges as a solution, as it harmonizes economic development with the sustainable use of natural resources, and also enables the tourism industry to become more sustainable. The purpose of this article is to outline the conceptual dimensions of sustainable tourism and circular economy, and also scrutinize how these two constructs have evolved over the past decades and their correlation. A broad literature review was conducted, in order to draw attention to the constituent elements brought to discussion.
- The tourism intermediaries' profitability in Portugal and Spain–differences and similaritiesPublication . Gomes, Conceição; Oliveira, FernandaPurpose: This study aims to compare the financial performance of the tourism distribution sector between Portugal and Spain, regarding the years 2007 and 2017. It is also intended to determine which variables influence the performance of tourism intermediaries' enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: This is a quantitative study based on financial information available on SABI database, with official data of Spanish and Portuguese enterprises. The final sample gathers 6095 intermediaries (1585 Portuguese and 4510 Spanish) which were analyzed regarding their profitability through DuPont model and an additional variable – size. Findings: The return on equity (ROE) calculation in 2007 and 2017 identifies an increase of 12.8% for Portugal and 19.6% for Spain. Through Spearman's Rho, return on sales (ROS), asset turnover and return on asset (ROA) have a positive association with ROE, but the results about asset on equity and enterprise size did not reveal such precise evidence. Research limitations/implications: This study intends to reinforce the literature in terms of performance evaluation techniques to be used in this type of enterprises, applying DuPont model. At a practical level, besides aiming the maximization of the enterprise's profit, managers are faced with other financial challenges. Thus, this study provides important indications about aspects that should be considered to improve the enterprise's financial performance, supporting managers' decision making. Originality/value: Financial studies focusing on the tourism distribution sector are limited. Even less frequent are studies with financial and official data from large samples, representative of the universe under study. The value of this study is based on these two aspects, allowing to strengthen the knowledge about tourism intermediaries and their financial performance, in a comparative approach between two countries.
- Topic Prominence of Tourism and Hospitality Scientific Research: The Case of SwitzerlandPublication . Cardoso, Lucília; Soliman, Mohammad; Araújo-Vila, Noelia; Almeida, Giovana Goretti Feijó deTopic prominence is regarded as a recent indicator that reveals the present momentum of a certain topic by considering the citations, views, and CiteScore thresholds. Topic prominence has been examined in prior research within different contexts, however, there is no known study exploring this trend within tourism and hospitality literature. Therefore, this study aims to analyse and map the topic prominence of Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management (TLHM) research by focusing on Switzerland as a case study. The collected data included 337 articles published in 46 journals indexed in Scopus under the subject category of TLHM. The findings concluded that topic prominence is an important indicator for measuring scientific research productivity, including peer-reviewed articles. More particularly, it is revealed that the investigation of topic prominence provides an overall clearer picture of Swiss TLHM research. This study contributes to tourism studies by discussing the usage of the topic prominence metric for tourism and hospitality publications. It also presents practical implications for tourism research managers and researchers by providing solid insights into funded research, scholars’ and institutions’ performance, and momentum of topics associated with the Swiss TLHM articles.
- Tourist satisfaction: an analysis of tourists visiting historic centres in PortugalPublication . Duque, Ana Sofia; Carvalho, Paulo; Almeida, NunoAchieving tourist satisfaction is one of the main goals of destinations, companies and managers in the field of tourism. To better understand this key concept, we have studied other associated constructs that we call antecedents and consequences, such as tourist motivations, quality of experience and loyalty to the destination. It was decided to achieve the proposed goals by conducting questionnaire surveys with nonresident tourists in Portugal over the three high tourist season months, which are regarded as June, July and August. The sample was collected in five of Portugal’s main historical centres, namely, Porto, Coimbra, Lisbon, Évora and Faro. With this study it was possible to confirm that the level of satisfaction of tourists, who visit historic centers in Portugal, is very high. It was also possible to verify the existing connection between the various constructs developed in the research, through the hypothesis test.