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- Asparagopsis armata and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius as a natural source of antimicrobial compoundsPublication . Pinteus, Susete; Alves, Celso; Monteiro, Hugo; Ernesto Araújo; Horta, André; Pedrosa, RuiMethanol, n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts of twelve marine macro-algae (Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta and Heterokontophyta divisions) from Peniche coast (Portugal) were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method against Bacillus subtilis (gram positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (gram negative bacteria). Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as a model for the antifungal activity by evaluating the growth inhibitory activity of the extracts. The high antibacterial activity was obtained by the Asparagopsis armata methanolic extract (10 mm–0.1 mg/disc), followed by the Sphaerococcus coronopifoliusn-hexane extract (8 mm–0.1 mg/disc), and the Asparagopsis armata dichloromethane extract (12 mm–0.3 mg/disc) against Bacillus subtilis. There were no positive results against Escherichia coli. Sphaerococcus coronopifolius revealed high antifungal potential for n-hexane (IC50 = 40.2 µg/ml), dichloromethane (IC50 = 78.9 µg/ml) and methanolic (IC50 = 55.18 µg/ml) extracts against Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth. The antifungal potency of the Sphaerococcus coronopifolius extracts was similar with the standard amphotericin B. Asparagopsis armata and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius reveal to be interesting sources of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
- Characterization of antiproliferative potential and biological targets of a copper compound containing 4′-phenyl terpyridinePublication . Mendo, Ana Soraia; Figueiredo, Sara; Roma-Rodrigues, Catarina; Videira, Paula A.; Ma, Zhen; Diniz, Mário; Larguinho, Miguel; Costa, Pedro M.; Lima, João C.; Pombeiro, Armando J. L.; Baptista, Pedro V.; Fernandes, Alexandra R.Several copper complexes have been assessed as anti-tumor agents against cancer cells. In this work, a copper compound [Cu(H2O){OS(CH3)2}L](NO3)2 incorporating the ligand 4′-phenyl-terpyridine antiproliferative activity against human colorectal, hepatocellular carcinomas and breast adenocarcinoma cell lines was determined, demonstrating high cytotoxicity. The compound is able to induce apoptosis and a slight delay in cancer cell cycle progression, probably by its interaction with DNA and induction of double-strand pDNA cleavage, which is enhanced by oxidative mechanisms. Moreover, proteomic studies indicate that the compound induces alterations in proteins involved in cytoskeleton maintenance, cell cycle progression and apoptosis, corroborating its antiproliferative potential.
- Current Strategies to Produce 3D Electrospun-Based Wound Dressings for Skin RegenerationPublication . Ferreira, Carolina A. M.; Lemos, Marco F. L.; Maurício, Ana Colette; Dias, Juliana R.Tissue engineering-based wound dressings are a promising treatment approach that mimics the native skin microenvironment to promote effective healing and tissue regeneration. In fact, those advanced wound dressings can be made by electrospinning which has revolutionized the field of wound healing by developing biostructures that closely mimic the skin’s extracellular matrix (ECM). To date, most electrospinning research has focused on composition and materials rather than exploring advanced deposition strategies. Conventional electrospinning using random, aligned fibers, co-electrospinning, core-shell approaches, or redesigned collectors has achieved significant results in wound healing, which are discussed in this article. However, these approaches lack the development of realistic 3D structures. To achieve that, advancing approaches through the combination of electrospinning with different techniques such as gas foaming, short nanofiber assembly, or 3D printing significantly enhance skin regeneration of deep wounds (full-thickness and chronic wounds) compared to 2D structures. This review highlights the latest developments, design principles, and recent breakthroughs in electrospinning structures for skin regeneration and provides a fresh perspective for upcoming research in the field of 3D electrospun-based structures.
- Detection of QnrB54 and Its Novel Genetic Context in Citrobacter freundii Isolated from a Clinical CasePublication . Campos, Maria Jorge; Palomo, Gonzalo; Hormeño, Lorena; Rodrigues, Américo; Sánchez-Benito, Rosario; Píriz, Segundo; Quesada, AlbertoLETTER Quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is mediated by mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) of topoisomerase genes and/or by plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants (PMQR) such as the qnr genes encoding pentapeptide repeat proteins (1). The qnrB family is represented by 80 different alleles (http://www.lahey.org/qnrStudies/); most of them originated from Citrobacter strains and spread to other Enterobacteriaceae species (2). This work describes the identification of a new allele of the quinolone resistance protein QnrB, QnrB54, in a human clinical isolate of Citrobacter freundii detected in Spain.
- Determinants of food choices among portuguese adolescents with contrasting eating habits: a qualitative approachPublication . Cardoso, Susana; Santos, Osvaldo; Nunes, Carla; Loureiro, Isabel; Cunha, MadalenaIntroduction: Investigatingthe factors that influence dietary choices, particularly during adolescence, is important, as these choices have a significant impact on health and tend to persist into adulthood.Objective: Toidentifyand characterizethe factors perceived by the adolescents as determinants of food choices.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in two schools, based on a sample of 358 adolescents. From a quantitative approach, we moved to a qualitative approach. Thequantitative study wasused: EHA (eating habits scale), IPAQ (international physical activity questionnaire), TAA-25 (eating attitudes test),and the GSQ (general self-efficacy questionnaire). For the qualitative study, we selected subgroups with healthier and less healthy eating habits for a grounded theory approach, using semi-structured interviews and coding according to Charmaz’s method.Results:The determiningfactors that were more often mentioned (in decreasing order) were family influence, taste preferences, family habits, healthyeating rules,and availability. The ones that were mentioned by a bigger number of adolescents were family influence and family habits, risk perception, knowledge of healthy eating,and preferences. Other factors are mentioned, such as self-control, feeling well or bad, peer influence, feeling hungry or full, developing a task or not, impulsiveness, time available, humor/stress,and cost. Some factors take different perspectives in each group.Conclusion:Familymust be considered as an integralpart of the interventions that are related to health education. Administrative measures, taken by schools and government agents, can make healthy choices easier, modulating the effect that determiningfactors such as available time and availability may have.
- Human milk fat substitutes: Advances and constraints of enzyme‐catalyzed productionPublication . Ferreira-Dias, Suzana; Tecelão, CarlaThe production of triacylglycerols (TAGs) with similar structures to the human milk fat TAGs is only possible using sn-1,3 regioselective lipases as biocatalysts. The advances on the processes currently performed for the production of human milk fat substitutes (HMFS), namely the biocatalysts used, the best operation conditions, reactor types and operation modes, as well as the major drawbacks of these enzymatic systems, are addressed in this article.
- Marine Natural Products as Anticancer AgentsPublication . Alves, Celso; Diederich, MarcCancer remains one of the major threats to human health and one of the deadliest diseases worldwide [1]. Therapy failure and consequent cancer relapse are the main factors contributing to high cancer mortality, making it crucial to find and develop new therapeutic options. Over the last few decades, natural products became one of the key drivers in the drug development of innovative cancer treatments [2]. In opposition to drug development from terrestrial resources, the marine environment only recently emerged as a prolific source of unparalleled structurally active metabolites [3]. Due to their excellent scaffold diversity, structural complexity, and ability to act on multiple cell signaling networks involved in carcinogenesis, marine natural products are ideal candidates to inspire the development of novel anticancer medicines [4,5].
- Mechanisms of regulation of SNF1/AMPK/SnRK1 protein kinasesPublication . Crozet, Pierre; Margalha, Leonor; Confraria, Ana; Rodrigues, Américo; Martinho, Cláudia; Adamo, Mattia; Elias, Carlos A.; Baena-Gonzalez, ElenaTheSNF1(sucrosenon-fermenting1)-relatedproteinkinases1(SnRKs1)aretheplantorthologsofthebuddingyeastSNF1andmammalianAMPK(AMP- activatedproteinkinase).Theseevolutionarilyconservedkinasesaremetabolicsensorsthatundergoactivationinresponsetodecliningenergylevels.Uponactivation,SNF1/AMPK/SnRK1kinasestriggeravasttranscriptionalandmetabolicreprogramingthatrestoresenergyhomeostasisandpromotestolerancetoadverseconditions,partlythroughaninductionofcatabolicprocessesandageneralrepressionofanabolism.Thesekinasestypicallyfunctionasaheterotrimericcomplexcomposedoftworegulatorysubunits,βandγ,andanα-catalyticsubunit,whichrequiresphosphorylationofaconservedactivationloopresidueforactivity.Additionally,SNF1/AMPK/SnRK1kinasesarecontrolledbymultiplemechanismsthathaveanimpactonkinaseactivity,stability,and/orsubcellularlocalization.HerewewillreviewcurrentknowledgeontheregulationofSNF1/AMPK/SnRK1byupstreamcomponents,post-translationalmodifications,variousmetabolites,hormones,andothers,inanattempttohighlightboththecommonalitiesoftheseessentialeukaryotickinasesandthedivergencesthathaveevolvedtocopewiththeparticularitiesofeachoneofthesesystems.
- Observatório para a Saúde dos Estudantes do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria - Relatório Técnico 2025Publication . Henriques, Carolina Miguel Graça; Gonçalves, Pedro de Matos; Mendes, Susana Luísa da Custódia Machado; Cruz, Íris Fonseca daO Observatório para a Saúde dos Estudantes do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria (IPLeiria) é um instrumento de monitorização e análise dos hábitos de saúde, bem-estar e estilos de vida dos seus estudantes. No âmbito do programa Healthy Campus e em conformidade com a definição de saúde da OMS, desde 2024 tem vindo a ser aplicado anualmente a toda a comunidade estudantil um questionário aprovado pela Comissão de Ética do IPLeiria (Parecer n.º CE/IPLEIRIA/53/2023). Os resultados referentes ao ano de 2025, ressalvam mais uma vez a importância de almejar esforços para o desenvolvimento da promoção de estilos de vida mais ativos e saudáveis.
- The Quest for Phenolic Compounds from Macroalgae: A Review of Extraction and Identification MethodologiesPublication . Santos, Sónia A. O.; Pais, Adriana C. S.; Rocha, Sílvia M.; Silvestre, Armando J. D.; Félix, RafaelThe current interest of the scientific community for the exploitation of high-value compounds from macroalgae is related to the increasing knowledge of their biological activities and health benefits. Macroalgae phenolic compounds, particularly phlorotannins, have gained particular attention due to their specific bioactivities, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, or antidiabetic. Notwithstanding, the characterization of macroalgae phenolic compounds is a multi-step task, with high challenges associated with their isolation and characterization, due to the highly complex and polysaccharide-rich matrix of macroalgae. Therefore, this fraction is far from being fully explored. In fact, a critical revision of the extraction and characterization methodologies already used in the analysis of phenolic compounds from macroalgae is lacking in the literature, and it is of uttermost importance to compile validated methodologies and discourage misleading practices. The aim of this review is to discuss the state-of-the-art of phenolic compounds already identified in green, red, and brown macroalgae, reviewing their structural classification, as well as critically discussing extraction methodologies, chromatographic separation techniques, and the analytical strategies for their characterization, including information about structural identification techniques and key spectroscopic profiles. For the first time, mass spectrometry data of phlorotannins, a chemical family quite exclusive of macroalgae, is compiled and discussed