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The effectiveness of past wildfire at limiting reburning is short-lived in a Mediterranean humid climate

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The effectiveness of past wildfire at limiting reburning is short-lived in a Mediterranean humid climate.pdfBackground: The study of wildfire interactions (i.e., spread limitation and reburns) is gaining traction as a means of describing the self-limiting process of fire spread in the landscape and has important management implications but has scarcely been attempted in Europe. We examined to what extent previously burned areas restricted the development of individual large wildfires (> 500 ha) in mainland Portugal. Results: For the 1984–2021 period, we (1) modeled the proportion of large wildfire perimeters coinciding with transitions to shorter time since fire (TSF), i.e., locations where fire spread ceased upon encountering assumedly less flammable fuels, and (2) characterized the prevalence of different TSF in the composition of the area burned by large wildfires in relation to available TSF. Only 4% of the large wildfires did not comprise edges intersecting past wildfires. Low TSF (especially up to 8 years) resulted in large-wildfire perimeter limitation at TSF transitions. This effect was further enhanced by high historical burn probability and proximity to roadways and watercourses. Perimeter limitation did also increase under high (but not very high or extreme) fire danger, benefiting from maximum seasonal firefighting preparedness. TSF prevalence in the composition of large-wildfire area was extremely variable and thus an overall weak pattern emerged, with minimum and maximum prevalence respectively at TSF < 2 years and TSF ≥ 6 years. Conclusions: Large wildfire limitation in Portugal is hampered by fast fuel build-up after fire, indicating a short-lived fire-hazard reduction effect under the prevailing Mediterranean humid climate of the study region. Nonetheless, such effect should be considered when planning fuel-reduction treatments and can be used opportunistically during large-wildfire suppression operations.1.92 MBAdobe PDF Ver/Abrir

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Background: The study of wildfire interactions (i.e., spread limitation and reburns) is gaining traction as a means of describing the self-limiting process of fire spread in the landscape and has important management implications but has scarcely been attempted in Europe. We examined to what extent previously burned areas restricted the development of individual large wildfires (> 500 ha) in mainland Portugal. Results: For the 1984–2021 period, we (1) modeled the proportion of large wildfire perimeters coinciding with transitions to shorter time since fire (TSF), i.e., locations where fire spread ceased upon encountering assumedly less flammable fuels, and (2) characterized the prevalence of different TSF in the composition of the area burned by large wildfires in relation to available TSF. Only 4% of the large wildfires did not comprise edges intersecting past wildfires. Low TSF (especially up to 8 years) resulted in large-wildfire perimeter limitation at TSF transitions. This effect was further enhanced by high historical burn probability and proximity to roadways and watercourses. Perimeter limitation did also increase under high (but not very high or extreme) fire danger, benefiting from maximum seasonal firefighting preparedness. TSF prevalence in the composition of large-wildfire area was extremely variable and thus an overall weak pattern emerged, with minimum and maximum prevalence respectively at TSF < 2 years and TSF ≥ 6 years. Conclusions: Large wildfire limitation in Portugal is hampered by fast fuel build-up after fire, indicating a short-lived fire-hazard reduction effect under the prevailing Mediterranean humid climate of the study region. Nonetheless, such effect should be considered when planning fuel-reduction treatments and can be used opportunistically during large-wildfire suppression operations.
Antecedentes El estudio de las interacciones de incendios forestales (es decir, limitación de propagación y requemado) está cobrando relevancia como una forma de describir los procesos de autorregulación en la propagación de incendios en el paisaje, y tiene importantes implicaciones de gestión. Sin embargo, apenas se ha intentado en Europa. Examinamos hasta qué punto las áreas previamente quemadas restringieron el desarrollo de incendios grandes (> 500 ha) en Portugal continental. Resultados Para el período de 1984 a 2021, (1) modelamos la proporción de perímetros de incendios grandes que coincidieron con transiciones a un menor tiempo desde el último incendio (TSF), es decir, lugares donde la propagación del fuego cesó al encontrarse con combustibles presumiblemente menos inflamables, y (2) caracterizamos la prevalencia de diferentes valores de TSF en la composición del área quemada por incendios grandes en relación con los valores de TSF disponibles. Solo el 4% de los incendios grandes no incluyeron bordes que se cruzaran con incendios anteriores. Un TSF bajo (especialmente hasta 8 años) resultó en la limitación del perímetro de incendios grandes en las transiciones de TSF. Este efecto se vio amplificado por una alta probabilidad histórica de incendios y la proximidad a rutas y cursos de agua. La limitación del perímetro también aumentó en condiciones de alto riesgo meteorológico de incendio (pero no muy alto o extremo), beneficiándose de la máxima preparación estacional para la lucha contra incendios. La prevalencia de diferentes valores de TSF en la composición del área de incendios grandes fue extremadamente variable y, por lo tanto, se obtuvo un patrón general débil, con una prevalencia mínima y máxima, respectivamente, en TSF. Conclusiones La limitación de incendios grandes en Portugal se ve obstaculizada por la rápida acumulación de combustible después de un incendio, lo que indica un efecto de reducción de riesgo de incendio de corta duración bajo el clima mediterráneo húmedo predominante en la región de estudio. Sin embargo, este efecto debe considerarse al planificar tratamientos de reducción de combustibles y puede aprovecharse oportunamente durante las operaciones de supresión de incendios grandes.

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Fire-on-fire interaction Fire regime Fuel management Large wildfire Portugal Shrubland Time since fire

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Citação

Davim, D.A., Rossa, C.G., Pereira, J.M.C. et al. The effectiveness of past wildfire at limiting reburning is short-lived in a Mediterranean humid climate. fire ecol 19, 66 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-023-00227-x.

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Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Licença CC

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