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A sobrecarga, autotranscendência e necessidades do cuidador informal em famílias com membro portador de demência
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Enquadramento: Os cuidados de enfermagem de saúde familiar têm sofrido evoluções ao longo do tempo, culminando no atual funcionamento dos centros de saúde, integrados em Unidades Locais de Saúde (ULS). As Unidades de Saúde Familiares (USF) devem ser constituídas por um Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar (EEESF). O EEESF cuida da família como um todo, ao longo do ciclo vital, em todos os níveis de prevenção. Durante o ciclo vital, a família passa por transições normativas, que fazem parte do desenvolvimento natural, e transições acidentais, que surgem de forma inesperada. A existência de uma síndrome demencial implica uma transição saúde/doença, o que requer uma adaptação no funcionamento familiar. Cuidar de um familiar com demência acarreta repercussões físicas, psicológicas, económicas e sociais no cuidador informal. A intervenção EEESF é de extrema relevância na adaptação da família ao processo de transição. O relatório apresenta uma contextualização do local de prestação de cuidados durante o ensino clínico e descreve as competências comuns e especializadas desenvolvidas, fundamentadas em Modelos Teóricos de referência na área da enfermagem de saúde familiar.
Objetivo: Apresentar o desenvolvimento de competências comuns e específicas da Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar. Evidenciar o foco numa prática baseada na evidência, através do desenvolvimento de um projeto de investigação.
Metodologia: O desenvolvimento de competências comuns e específicas, através de uma análise crítico-reflexiva, alicerçando a componente teórica à componente prática. O estágio de enfermagem foi realizado na USF L inserida na ULS da Região de Leiria. No âmbito da prática baseada na evidência realizou-se um estudo de investigação intitulado de: “A sobrecarga, autotranscendência e necessidades do cuidador informal em famílias com membro portador de demência”, O estudo de investigação permite avaliar a sobrecarga, autotranscendência e necessidades do cuidador informal de familiar com demência, utilizando escalas validadas para a população portuguesa.
Resultados: No relatório são descritos os resultados obtidos na aquisição de competências comuns e especializadas de enfermagem de saúde familiar. O projeto de investigação permitiu determinar que os cuidadores informais apresentam maioritariamente sobrecarga intensa, elevada autotranscendência e necessidades de apoio financeiro e de informação nos cuidados prestados ao familiar com demência.
Conclusões: O relatório permitiu realizar uma descrição critico-reflexiva sobre o percurso evidenciado durante o ensino clínico, tendo em consideração a aquisição de competências comuns e especializadas em enfermagem de saúde familiar. Os resultados do estudo de investigação foram sobreponíveis, em grande parte, aos resultados obtidos noutros estudos. Estes resultados promovem um contributo na construção de conhecimento científico na área de enfermagem de saúde familiar. Estudos sobre a sobrecarga e as necessidades do cuidador informal de familiar com demência têm aumentado, o que reflete a importância do tema.
Background: Family health nursing care has evolved over time, culminating in the current organization of health centers integrated into Local Health Units (ULS). Family Health Units (USF) must include a Specialist Nurse in Family Health Nursing (SNFHN). The SNFHN cares for the family as a whole, throughout the life cycle and across all levels of prevention. During the life cycle, families experience normative transitions, which are part of natural development, as well as accidental transitions, which arise unexpectedly. The presence of a dementia syndrome implies a health/illness transition, requiring adaptation in family functioning. Caring for a family member with dementia entails physical, psychological, economic, and social repercussions for the informal caregiver. The intervention of the SNFHN is extremely relevant in supporting the family’s adaptation to the transition process. This report presents a contextualization of the care setting during clinical training and describes the common and specialized competencies developed, grounded in theoretical models in the field of family health nursing. Objective: To present the development of common and specific competencies in Family Health Nursing. To highlight a focus on evidence-based practice through the development of a research project. Methodology: Development of common and specific competencies through a critical-reflective analysis, linking the theoretical component with practical application. The nursing internship took place at USF L, within the Local Health Unit of the Leiria Region. Within the scope of evidence-based practice, a research study entitled “Burden, self-transcendence, and needs of informal caregivers in families with a member with dementia” was conducted. The study allows the assessment of burden, self-transcendence, and the needs of informal caregivers of family members with dementia, using validated scales for the Portuguese population. Results: The report describes the results obtained in the acquisition of common and specialized competencies in family health nursing. The research project determined that informal caregivers predominantly present high levels of burden, elevated self-transcendence, and needs related to financial support and information in the care provided to family members with dementia. Conclusions: The report enabled a critical-reflective description of the learning pathway during clinical training, considering the acquisition of common and specialized competencies in family health nursing. The results of the research study were largely consistent with those obtained in other studies. These findings contribute to the development of scientific knowledge in the field of family health nursing. Studies on caregiver burden and the needs of informal caregivers of people with dementia have been increasing, reflecting the importance of this topic.
Background: Family health nursing care has evolved over time, culminating in the current organization of health centers integrated into Local Health Units (ULS). Family Health Units (USF) must include a Specialist Nurse in Family Health Nursing (SNFHN). The SNFHN cares for the family as a whole, throughout the life cycle and across all levels of prevention. During the life cycle, families experience normative transitions, which are part of natural development, as well as accidental transitions, which arise unexpectedly. The presence of a dementia syndrome implies a health/illness transition, requiring adaptation in family functioning. Caring for a family member with dementia entails physical, psychological, economic, and social repercussions for the informal caregiver. The intervention of the SNFHN is extremely relevant in supporting the family’s adaptation to the transition process. This report presents a contextualization of the care setting during clinical training and describes the common and specialized competencies developed, grounded in theoretical models in the field of family health nursing. Objective: To present the development of common and specific competencies in Family Health Nursing. To highlight a focus on evidence-based practice through the development of a research project. Methodology: Development of common and specific competencies through a critical-reflective analysis, linking the theoretical component with practical application. The nursing internship took place at USF L, within the Local Health Unit of the Leiria Region. Within the scope of evidence-based practice, a research study entitled “Burden, self-transcendence, and needs of informal caregivers in families with a member with dementia” was conducted. The study allows the assessment of burden, self-transcendence, and the needs of informal caregivers of family members with dementia, using validated scales for the Portuguese population. Results: The report describes the results obtained in the acquisition of common and specialized competencies in family health nursing. The research project determined that informal caregivers predominantly present high levels of burden, elevated self-transcendence, and needs related to financial support and information in the care provided to family members with dementia. Conclusions: The report enabled a critical-reflective description of the learning pathway during clinical training, considering the acquisition of common and specialized competencies in family health nursing. The results of the research study were largely consistent with those obtained in other studies. These findings contribute to the development of scientific knowledge in the field of family health nursing. Studies on caregiver burden and the needs of informal caregivers of people with dementia have been increasing, reflecting the importance of this topic.
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Palavras-chave
Enfermeiro Família Cuidador informal Sobrecarga Autotranscendência Necessidades Demência
Contexto Educativo
Citação
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC